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Chocolate and Candy History
Chocolate and candy have a rich history in Turkey, with both having been enjoyed as a treat for many centuries. Chocolate was introduced to Turkey in the early 19th century, when the Ottoman Empire established trade relations with Europe. The first chocolate factory in Turkey was established in Istanbul in 1917, and since then, chocolate has become a popular treat throughout the country. Candy, on the other hand, has been enjoyed in Turkey for much longer. Turkish Delight, a type of gelatinous candy made with sugar, cornstarch, and flavorings like rosewater and pistachio, has been enjoyed in Turkey since the 1700s. Turkish Delight gained popularity throughout Europe in the 19th century, and today it is still a popular candy in Turkey and around the world. Other traditional Turkish candies include akide candy, which is similar to dragee and made with sugar-coated nuts or fruits, and lokum, which is a type of chewy candy made with honey, molasses, and nuts. In recent years, Turkish chocolate and candy makers have become more creative, introducing new flavors and combinations. Today, you can find a wide variety of chocolates and candies made in Turkey, from traditional Turkish Delight to more modern creations like hazelnut-filled chocolates and fruit-flavored gummies. Overall, chocolate and candy have a long and rich history in Turkey, and they continue to be enjoyed as a sweet treat by people of all ages.Features of Chocolate and Candy History
Chocolate and candy can be enjoyable treats, but they should be consumed in moderation as part of a healthy, balanced diet. Here are some potential benefits and drawbacks of consuming chocolate and candy: Benefits:- Chocolate and candy can provide a quick boost of energy and can help alleviate hunger pangs between meals.
- Dark chocolate, in particular, is rich in antioxidants and flavonoids, which may help reduce inflammation and lower the risk of heart disease.
- Eating chocolate or candy in moderation can provide a small boost of dopamine and endorphins, which can help improve mood and reduce stress.
- Some studies suggest that consuming small amounts of chocolate or candy may help improve cognitive function and memory.
- Chocolate and candy are often high in sugar, calories, and fat, which can contribute to weight gain and other health problems if consumed in excess.
- Eating chocolate or candy too close to bedtime can interfere with sleep quality and duration.
- Some people may experience allergic reactions to certain types of chocolate or candy, especially those with nuts, gluten, or other common allergens.
- Some studies have suggested that consuming large amounts of chocolate or candy may increase the risk of certain health problems, such as type 2 diabetes and certain types of cancer.
Types of Chocolate and Candy History by Region
Turkey has a rich history of chocolate and candy production, with different types of sweets emerging in different regions over time. Here is a brief overview of the history and different types of Turkish chocolate and candy by region:- Istanbul: Istanbul has long been a center of candy production in Turkey. One of the most famous types of candy from Istanbul is Turkish Delight, a soft, chewy candy made with sugar, water, and cornstarch or gelatin, and flavored with rosewater, lemon, mint, or other flavors. Other popular types of candy from Istanbul include "akide şeker" (hard candies made with sugar and fruit flavors), "cezerye" (a sweet made with carrots, sugar, and nuts), and "lokum" (a type of Turkish Delight coated in powdered sugar).
- Gaziantep: Gaziantep is known for its production of "baklava," a sweet pastry made with layers of phyllo dough, honey, and nuts. The city is also known for producing "fistik ezmesi" (pistachio paste), which is often used as a filling for desserts and sweets.
- Safranbolu: Safranbolu is a city in northern Turkey that is known for its production of traditional Turkish candies. One of the most famous is "safran şeker" (saffron rock candy), which is made with sugar, water, and saffron. Other popular candies from Safranbolu include "cevizli sucuk" (a sweet made with walnuts, sugar, and spices), "künefe" (a pastry made with shredded phyllo dough, cheese, and syrup), and "pestil" (a type of fruit leather made with grape must and flour).
- Black Sea Region: The Black Sea region of Turkey is known for its production of "hamsi şekeri," a type of candy made with anchovies that are dried, then coated in sugar and other flavors. Other popular candies from the Black Sea region include "mısır gevreği" (a type of popcorn coated in caramel), "cevizli sucuk" (a sweet made with walnuts, sugar, and spices), and "şekerpare" (a sweet pastry made with semolina and soaked in syrup).
Cultural value of Hard sugar (Akide Candy)
Hard sugar, also known as rock candy or "akide şekeri" in Turkish, has cultural value in many parts of the world, particularly in the Middle East and Asia. Here are some examples of its cultural significance:- Traditional sweets: In many cultures, hard sugar is a traditional sweet that is associated with special occasions such as weddings, births, and holidays. It is often given as a gift or served to guests as a symbol of hospitality.
- Medicinal properties: In some cultures, hard sugar is used as a home remedy for sore throats and coughs. It is believed to have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, and to help soothe and moisturize the throat.
- Religious rituals: In some cultures, hard sugar is used in religious rituals, such as during Ramadan or as an offering to deities. In Iran, for example, it is common to offer hard sugar to visitors during the month of Muharram.
- Cultural heritage: Hard sugar has been produced and consumed for centuries in many parts of the world. It is an important part of the cultural heritage of these regions and is often associated with traditional crafts and artisanal production methods.
Chocolate and Candy Varieties
There are many different varieties of Turkish chocolate and candy, each with its own unique flavors, textures, and ingredients.- Turkish Delight: Also known as "lokum," Turkish Delight is a soft, sweet, and chewy candy that is often flavored with rosewater, lemon, or other natural flavors. It is typically dusted with powdered sugar and may contain nuts or other ingredients.
- Akide Şekeri: Akide Şekeri, or rock candy, is a type of hard candy made from sugar and water that is boiled until it crystallizes. It is often flavored with natural extracts such as rosewater or lemon.
- Bitter Chocolate: Turkish bitter chocolate, or "bitter çikolata," is a dark chocolate with a high percentage of cocoa solids. It is less sweet than milk chocolate and has a more intense and complex flavor.
- Milk Chocolate: Turkish milk chocolate, or "süt çikolata," is a sweet and creamy chocolate made with milk powder or condensed milk. It has a milder flavor than bitter chocolate and is often used in desserts and confections.
- Fruit Flavored Candies: Fruit flavored candies, or "meyveli şekerler," are a popular type of candy in Turkey. They come in a variety of flavors such as orange, strawberry, lemon, and grape, and may be soft or hard.
- Halva: Halva is a type of candy made from sesame paste and sugar. It is typically flavored with vanilla or other natural extracts and may contain nuts or other ingredients.
What is Chocolate and Candy served with?
- As a dessert: Many types of Turkish candy and chocolate are served as a dessert or a sweet treat after a meal. For example, Turkish Delight may be served alongside a cup of Turkish coffee or tea as a sweet finish to a meal.
- With fruit: Chocolate and candy can be paired with fresh or dried fruits such as figs, dates, or apricots for a delicious and healthy snack.
- Pastry fillings: Turkish chocolate and candy are often used as fillings in traditional Turkish pastries such as baklava, a sweet pastry made of layers of phyllo dough filled with chopped nuts and sweetened with syrup or honey.
- As a topping: Crushed or chopped Turkish candy, such as pistachio Turkish Delight, can be used as a topping for ice cream or other desserts.
- With nuts: Turkish chocolate and candy can be combined with nuts such as almonds, hazelnuts, and pistachios for a sweet and crunchy snack.
- On their own: Many types of Turkish chocolate and candy are delicious on their own and can be enjoyed as a sweet treat at any time of day.
Storage Conditions for Chocolate and Candy
Proper storage of chocolate and candy is important to maintain their quality and prevent them from spoiling. Here are some general guidelines for storing chocolate and candy:- Temperature: Chocolate and candy should be stored at a cool, dry, and constant temperature between 15-20 degrees Celsius (59-68 degrees Fahrenheit) to prevent melting and discoloration.
- Humidity: High humidity can cause chocolate and candy to become sticky or grainy, so it's best to store them in a dry environment.
- Light: Direct sunlight can cause chocolate and candy to melt and spoil, so they should be stored in a dark place or in a container that blocks light.
- Airtight container: Chocolate and candy should be stored in an airtight container to prevent exposure to air, which can cause them to dry out or absorb odors.
- Separation: Different types of chocolate and candy should be stored separately, as they can absorb each other's flavors and odors.
- Refrigeration: While it's generally not recommended to store chocolate and candy in the fridge, if you need to keep them for an extended period, it's best to wrap them in an airtight container and place them in the fridge. Just be sure to let them come to room temperature before unwrapping and consuming to prevent condensation from forming on the surface.
Uses of Chocolate and Candy
- As a dessert: Many types of Turkish candy and chocolate are served as a dessert or a sweet treat after a meal. For example, Turkish Delight may be served alongside a cup of Turkish coffee or tea as a sweet finish to a meal.
- Gift giving: Turkish chocolate and candy can make for a lovely gift to family, friends, and colleagues. Many varieties of Turkish chocolate and candy are sold in attractive packaging that make them ideal for gift-giving.
- Cooking and baking: Turkish chocolate and candy can be used as an ingredient in cooking and baking. For example, Turkish Delight can be used as a filling in traditional Turkish pastries, such as baklava.
- Snacking: Many types of Turkish chocolate and candy are delicious on their own and can be enjoyed as a sweet snack at any time of day.
- Garnish: Crushed or chopped Turkish candy, such as pistachio Turkish Delight, can be used as a topping for ice cream or other desserts.
- Drinks: In Turkey, it is common to serve Turkish Delight alongside a cup of Turkish coffee or tea. Some types of Turkish chocolate are also suitable for melting into hot chocolate drinks.
Places That Sell Chocolate and Candy
There are many places where you can buy Turkish chocolate and candy.- Turkish specialty stores: These stores specialize in Turkish foods and may have a wide variety of Turkish chocolate and candy.
- Online retailers: There are many online retailers that specialize in Turkish foods and candy. They often have a larger selection of products than physical stores and can deliver directly to your door.
- International supermarkets: Some larger international supermarkets may carry a selection of Turkish chocolate and candy in their international food sections.
- Ethnic grocery stores: Depending on where you live, there may be ethnic grocery stores that carry Turkish chocolate and candy.
- Local markets: If you are in Turkey, you can find Turkish chocolate and candy at local markets and bazaars.
- Airport shops: If you are traveling through Turkey, you can find Turkish chocolate and candy in shops at the airport.